Lidar technology is a scanning system that utilizes lasers to measure distances in an angular range of up to 360°. The rotation frequency of the LiDAR can vary from 1 Hz to 100 Hz. This technology has been employed for a variety of purposes, such as the creation of cloud profiles, the measurement of winds, the study of aerosols, and the quantification of various atmospheric components. Additionally, Lidar altimeters look down, atmospheric LIDAR looks up, and LIDAR-based collision avoidance systems look sideways.
Topographic LIDAR typically uses near-infrared lasers to map land surfaces, while bathymetric LIDAR uses green light to measure elevations of seabeds and riverbeds. The ground reflection of an aerial LIDAR can be used to measure surface reflectivity at the wavelength of the LIDAR, as well as atmospheric absorption measurements.
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