Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular in the modern world. From military operations to commercial applications, these aircrafts are being used for a variety of purposes. But what exactly are UAVs and how many types of UAVs are there?UAVs, also known as drones, are aircraft that can be operated without a human pilot on board. They are typically controlled remotely by a human operator or autonomously by onboard computers.
UAVs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and can be used for a variety of purposes, including surveillance, reconnaissance, search and rescue, and even delivery services. The two main types of UAVs are fixed-wing and multi-rotor drones. Fixed-wing UAVs look like airplanes and use their wings to provide lift, which means the engine doesn't have to use up all the battery energy to maintain the flight. Multi-rotor drones, on the other hand, use multiple rotors to provide lift and maneuverability. The average unmanned aerial vehicle class applies to UAVs that are too heavy to be carried by a person, but are still smaller than a light aircraft. These UAVs usually have a wingspan of about 5 to 10 m and can carry payloads of 100 to 200 kg.
Examples of medium-sized fixed-wing UAVs include the Israeli-American Hunter and the United Kingdom's Watchkeeper. The large UAV class applies to large UAVs used primarily for combat operations by the military. Examples of these large UAVs include the Predator A and B from General Atomics in the USA, and the Northrop Grumman Global Hawk from the USA. The very small UAV class applies to UAVs with dimensions ranging from the size of a large insect to 30 to 50 cm long. The small UAV class (which is also sometimes referred to as miniUAVs) applies to UAVs that have at least one dimension greater than 50 cm and no more than 2 meters. UAVs can be designed in configurations different from those of manned aircraft, both because a cabin or its windows are not needed, nor because it is not necessary to optimize them for human comfort, although some UAVs are adapted from piloted examples or are designed for optionally piloted modes. They combine the long range and flight time of fixed-wing UAVs with the vertical takeoff capability of rotory-wing devices, eliminating the drawbacks of fixed-wing UAVs that require large spaces for takeoff and landing. Classification of UAVs by the army's unmanned aerial systems (UAS) according to the weight, maximum altitude, and speed of the UAV component.
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